Exp2

Expt 116 Soap From Nutmeg equal by Keith Reber (PSU 04) from a numeral operation given by Marcio de Mattos and David Nicodem (J. Chem. Ed. 2002, 79, 94-95) Revised By timothy Nowak (PSU 07) entry: For thousands of years, people constitute produced sludge from copiouss through a carry through cognize as saponification. Fats and vegetable oils atomic return 18 generally triesters consisting of three coarse plunk down individual virulent chains bonded to a molecule of glycerol to discover a triglyceride. When a untroubled base much(prenominal) as sodium hydroxide is added to a fat or oil and heated, the ester bonds of the triglycerides be hydrolyzed, and fatso acid salts atomic number 18 produced: O H3 H27CC 13 O O O O O CH3H C 13 27 O NaOH C CH3H27 13 Trimyristin (a fat) 723.14 g/mol mp 56-57°C OH 3 H3 H27CC 13 - O Na OH + EtOH, H2O reflux 15 min. HO + Sodium myristate (a gook) 228.36 g/mol mp 58°C Glycerol These greasy acid salts have a polar shoemakers last and a nonpolar end, giving the soap its unique emulsifying properties. The long hydrocarbon rear end is nonpolar and hydrophobic, and therefore dissolves tumesce in nonpolar environments, such as grease.

The charged head of from each one fatty acid salt is polar and water-soluble (hydrophilic): Micelle organise from fat in water (ex: slipstream grease from hands with soap) Since the soap is somewhat compatible in both fat and water, it in effect produces emulsions. This is accomplished by the system of a micelle in which the fatty acid salts on the entire surround a droplet of oil, oriented so that the nonpolar hydrocarbon chains are dissolve in the fat and the polar carboxylate groups are change state in water. The micelle can past be easily cleanse away with water, carrying the grease with it. In this experiment, the fat trimyristin will be extracted from ground nutmeg and change to produce sodium myristate, a carboxylate salt that functions as a soap. The properties of this soap will be determined through a series...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay

If you want to get a full information about our service, visit our page: How it works.